{"id":28139,"date":"2022-09-14T19:04:39","date_gmt":"2022-09-14T19:04:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.neuraxpharm.com\/cz\/?p=28139"},"modified":"2022-10-21T12:11:19","modified_gmt":"2022-10-21T12:11:19","slug":"prvnich-10-priznaku-alzheimerovy-choroby","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.neuraxpharm.com\/cz\/blog\/prvnich-10-priznaku-alzheimerovy-choroby","title":{"rendered":"Prvn\u00edch 10 p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f Alzheimerovy choroby"},"content":{"rendered":"

Demence a Alzheimerova choroba<\/h2>\n

V\u011bd\u011bli jste, \u017ee demence nen\u00ed synonymem Alzheimerovy choroby?<\/p>\n

U demence1<\/sup> doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke zhor\u0161en\u00ed du\u0161evn\u00ed kapacity, kter\u00e1 zasahuje do ka\u017edodenn\u00edho \u017eivota \u010dlov\u011bka. Demence tedy nen\u00ed specifick\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, ale soubor p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f spojen\u00fdch s kognitivn\u00ed poruchou.<\/p>\n

Alzheimerova choroba2<\/sup> \u00a0m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nej\u010dast\u011bji typem neurodegenerativn\u00ed demence, kter\u00e1 mimo jin\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuje probl\u00e9my s pam\u011bt\u00ed, jazykem a chov\u00e1n\u00edm. P\u0159\u00edznaky se obvykle vyv\u00edjej\u00ed pomalu a \u010dasem se zhor\u0161uj\u00ed, dokud nejsou tak z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee naru\u0161uj\u00ed v\u0161echny ka\u017edodenn\u00ed \u010dinnosti.<\/p>\n

V\u010dasn\u00e1 diagn\u00f3za m\u016f\u017ee odd\u00e1lit n\u00e1stup Alzheimerovy choroby<\/h2>\n

Podle \u00fadaj\u016f WHO3<\/sup> \u00a0postihuje demence asi 50 milion\u016f lid\u00ed na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Ka\u017ed\u00fd rok je registrov\u00e1no asi 10 milion\u016f nov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f a odhaduje se, \u017ee 5 a\u017e 8 % lid\u00ed star\u0161\u00edch 60 let \u017eije v dom\u00e1cnosti s\u00a0n\u011bk\u00fdm posti\u017een\u00fdm demenc\u00ed.<\/p>\n

P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee do roku 2030 celkov\u00fd po\u010det lid\u00ed s demenc\u00ed dos\u00e1hne 82 milion\u016f a do roku 2050 to bude 150 milion\u016f.<\/p>\n

Demence, a Alzheimerova choroba je jej\u00ed nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou, m\u00e1 vysok\u00fd ekonomick\u00fd dopad jak pro zdravotn\u00ed syst\u00e9my, tak na rodiny. N\u00e1klady, soud\u011b podle odhadovan\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f o prevalenci, v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch letech je\u0161t\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u011b porostou.<\/p>\n

Proto si mus\u00edme polo\u017eit ot\u00e1zku, co m\u016f\u017eeme ud\u011blat, abychom zastavili n\u00e1stup Alzheimerovy choroby?<\/p>\n

I kdy\u017e je pravda, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o progresivn\u00ed a nevratn\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, je na n\u00e1s, abychom zas\u00e1hli v ran\u00fdch st\u00e1di\u00edch, kdy n\u00e1\u0161 mozek je\u0161t\u011b nen\u00ed nen\u00e1vratn\u011b po\u0161kozen, a procvi\u010dovali kognitivn\u00ed funkce a odd\u00e1lili tak klinick\u00fd n\u00e1stup Alzheimerovy choroby.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi hraje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed spole\u010dnosti, aby lid\u00e9 poznali prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky Alzheimerovy choroby.<\/p>\n

Prvn\u00edch 10 p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f Alzheimerovy choroby<\/h2>\n

Alzheimerova choroba m\u00e1 mnoho podob. P\u0159\u00edznaky se li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na posti\u017een\u00e9 oblasti. Projev prvn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f Alzheimera u mlad\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka (do 65 let) nen\u00ed stejn\u00fd jako u \u010dlov\u011bka v sedmdes\u00e1ti nebo osmdes\u00e1ti letech.<\/p>\n

I tak ale existuj\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9 prvky, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1s mohou upozornit, \u017ee se n\u011bco d\u011bje, a m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159ijmout opat\u0159en\u00ed, abychom odd\u00e1lili n\u00e1stup p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f Alzheimerovy choroby:<\/p>\n

1. Zm\u011bny pam\u011bti<\/h3>\n

Kdy\u017e hovo\u0159\u00edme o Alzheimerov\u011b chorob\u011b, spojujeme tuto nemoc se ztr\u00e1tou pam\u011bti. I kdy\u017e to nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznak p\u0159\u00edtomnosti tohoto typu demence, je to jednozna\u010dn\u00fd znak toho, \u017ee doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke zhor\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed kognitivn\u00edch funkc\u00ed.<\/p>\n

N\u011bkter\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edklady po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed ztr\u00e1ty pam\u011bti mohou b\u00fdt nepamatov\u00e1n\u00ed si ned\u00e1vn\u00fdch rozhovor\u016f nebo ud\u00e1lost\u00ed, kladen\u00ed stejn\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky znovu a znovu nebo zmatenost v zaveden\u00fdch zvyc\u00edch a rutin\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

2. Ztr\u00e1ta orientace<\/h3>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed jednozna\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edznak, kter\u00fd by m\u011bl vzbudit podez\u0159en\u00ed na v\u00fdskyt demence je dezorientace.<\/p>\n

Nev\u011bd\u011bt, pro\u010d jste \u0161li ven a bezc\u00edln\u011b se toulat, nepamatovat si cestu do supermarketu nebo pek\u00e1rny nebo si nepamatovat, jak se dostat dom\u016f, to jsou sign\u00e1ly, u kter\u00fdch bychom m\u011bli zpozorn\u011bt a po\u017e\u00e1dat l\u00e9ka\u0159e o doporu\u010den\u00ed do centra specializovan\u00e9ho na diagnostiku a l\u00e9\u010dbu demence.<\/p>\n

\u00a03. Zmaten\u00ed<\/h3>\n

\u201cV\u010dera jsem \u0161el nakoupit ovoce\u201c, ale ve skute\u010dnosti je to v\u00edce ne\u017e t\u00fdden, nebo \u201emoje vnu\u010dka m\u011bla minul\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc k\u0159tiny\u201c, kdy\u017e to bylo ve skute\u010dnosti p\u0159ed v\u00edce ne\u017e t\u0159emi lety\u2026 to jsou v\u00fdroky, kter\u00e9 by m\u011bly p\u0159im\u011bt k zamy\u0161len\u00ed o n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b neurologa.<\/p>\n

Pokud m\u00e1te zmatek i v d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch ud\u00e1lostech ve va\u0161em osobn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b je to t\u00e9\u017e varovn\u00fdm sign\u00e1lem, \u017ee n\u011bco nen\u00ed v po\u0159\u00e1dku, a m\u011bli byste nav\u0161t\u00edvit odborn\u00edka kv\u016fli zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159esn\u00e9 diagn\u00f3zy.<\/p>\n

\u00a04. Pot\u00ed\u017ee s pln\u011bn\u00edm \u00fakol\u016f v dom\u00e1cnosti, v pr\u00e1ci nebo v ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b<\/h3>\n

Pokud zjist\u00edte, \u017ee v receptu, kter\u00fd byl d\u0159\u00edve pochoutkou, chyb\u00ed ingredience nebo si nepamatujete kroky k jeho p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b a pot\u0159ebujete n\u011bjak\u00e9 vod\u00edtko nebo pomoc, abyste v n\u011bm mohli pokra\u010dovat a \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b ho dokon\u010dit, je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee byste m\u011bli po\u017e\u00e1dat o n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu neurologa.<\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e zapom\u00edn\u00e1te, co m\u00e1te nakoupit, neum\u00edte pou\u017e\u00edvat spot\u0159ebi\u010de v dom\u00e1cnosti, nedok\u00e1\u017eete si udr\u017eet po\u0159\u00e1dek ve financ\u00edch nebo nezvl\u00e1dnete vykon\u00e1vat v\u00edce \u00fakol\u016f najednou… toto jsou zn\u00e1mky, \u017ee n\u011bco nen\u00ed v po\u0159\u00e1dku.<\/p>\n

Jestli\u017ee v pr\u00e1ci zapom\u00edn\u00e1te na d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 sch\u016fzky, m\u00e1te pot\u00ed\u017ee s prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00edm b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch \u00fakol\u016f, nebo v\u00e1m to trv\u00e1 d\u00e9le ne\u017e obvykle…je to d\u016fvod k tomu, abyste p\u0159ezkoumali sv\u00e9 kognitivn\u00ed zdrav\u00ed.<\/p>\n

5. T\u011b\u017ekosti s rozhodov\u00e1n\u00edm4<\/sup><\/h3>\n

Studie publikovan\u00e1 v \u010dasopise Neurology<\/em> zjistila, \u017ee lid\u00e9 s m\u00edrnou kognitivn\u00ed poruchou (MCI) na sob\u011b vn\u00edmaj\u00ed zm\u011bnu schopnosti ch\u00e1pat, oce\u0148ovat, uva\u017eovat, volit a rozhodovat se.<\/p>\n

Studie konkr\u00e9tn\u011b zkoumala zp\u016fsobilost lid\u00ed s MCI rozhodovat o vlastn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010db\u011b a do\u0161la k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee lid\u00e9 s Alzheimerovou chorobou v jej\u00edch r\u016fzn\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00edch maj\u00ed zhor\u0161enou schopnost rozhodovat o l\u00e9\u010db\u011b sv\u00e9 nemoci.<\/p>\n

6. Obt\u00ed\u017ee s um\u00eds\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00edm p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f na jejich obvykl\u00e9 m\u00edsto<\/h3>\n

V ran\u00fdch st\u00e1di\u00edch demence mohou m\u00edt lid\u00e9 tendenci schov\u00e1vat v\u011bci, a dokonce i j\u00eddlo, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b je ukl\u00edzet na neobvykl\u00e1 \u010di nespr\u00e1vn\u00e1 m\u00edsta, tak\u017ee je pozd\u011bji nenajdou.<\/p>\n

7. Zm\u011bny n\u00e1lad<\/h3>\n

Studie5<\/sup> Ace Alzheimer Centra v Barcelon\u011b publikovan\u00e1 v \u010dasopise Scientific Reports<\/em> identifikovala osm behavior\u00e1ln\u00edch a psychologick\u00fdch symptom\u016f, kter\u00e9 by mohly p\u0159edpov\u00eddat kognitivn\u00ed pokles v ran\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Mezi nimi studie zd\u016fraznila, \u017ee apatie a podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bnost jdou obvykle ruku v ruce s rychlej\u0161\u00edm zhor\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm a prohlubov\u00e1n\u00edm demence ve vztahu k dal\u0161\u00edm symptom\u016fm, jako je deprese nebo \u00fazkost.<\/p>\n

Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed zm\u011bny, kter\u00e9 mohou p\u0159edpov\u00eddat n\u00e1stup demence, pat\u0159\u00ed poruchy sp\u00e1nku, poruchy chuti k j\u00eddlu, ztr\u00e1ta z\u00e1bran a agitovanost.<\/p>\n

8. Pot\u00ed\u017ee s pozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm lid\u00ed nebo pochopen\u00ed toho, jak spolu souvis\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty<\/h3>\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm varov\u00e1n\u00edm by pro n\u00e1s m\u011bl b\u00fdt v\u00fdskyt agn\u00f3zie. Agn\u00f3zie je neschopnost nebo pot\u00ed\u017ee s rozpozn\u00e1n\u00edm ka\u017edodenn\u00edch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f nebo zn\u00e1m\u00fdch lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Studie6<\/sup> Ace zjistila, \u017ee zrakov\u00e9 vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed je ovlivn\u011bno v ran\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00edch poklesu kognitivn\u00edch funkc\u00ed u Alzheimerovy choroby a zahrnut\u00ed specifick\u00fdch vizu\u00e1ln\u00edch test\u016f p\u0159i ur\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed diagn\u00f3zy, zejm\u00e9na u lid\u00ed v ran\u00fdch st\u00e1di\u00edch, zvy\u0161uje diagnostick\u00fd potenci\u00e1l t\u011bchto test\u016f.<\/p>\n

9. Probl\u00e9my s \u0159e\u010d\u00ed<\/h3>\n

Lid\u00e9 s demenc\u00ed mohou m\u00edt probl\u00e9my s pojmenov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm v\u011bc\u00ed, mluven\u00edm nebo porozum\u011bn\u00edm \u00fastn\u00edmu a p\u00edsemn\u00e9mu projevu. Tyto zm\u011bny se ov\u0161em mohou li\u0161it v z\u00e1vislosti na f\u00e1zi demence.<\/p>\n

To odhalily r\u016fzn\u00e9 studie7<\/sup> v literatu\u0159e publikovan\u00e9 na toto t\u00e9ma.<\/p>\n

10. Nov\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed<\/h3>\n

Nen\u00ed vylou\u010deno, \u017ee v\u00fdskyt nov\u00fdch nemoc\u00ed by mohl v budoucnu spustit i n\u011bjak\u00fd typ demence.<\/p>\n

V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b Covid-19 ji\u017e existuj\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9 studie8<\/sup>, kter\u00e9 nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee by tato nemoc m\u011bla b\u00fdt br\u00e1na v potaz p\u0159i neuropsychologick\u00fdch hodnocen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Bude trvat n\u011bkolik let, ne\u017e se zjist\u00ed, zda je Covid-19 spou\u0161t\u011b\u010dem p\u0159i rozvoji jak\u00e9koli demence, jako je Alzheimerova choroba, a ne\u017e se dozv\u00edme v\u00edce o tom, jak by infekce Covid-19 mohla ovlivnit kognitivn\u00ed funkce v obecn\u00e9 populaci.<\/p>\n

Pokud pozorujete n\u011bkter\u00fd ze zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f nebo probl\u00e9m\u016f ve sv\u00e9m chov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo v chov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dlena rodiny, doporu\u010dujeme konzultaci s neurologem se specializac\u00ed na kognitivn\u00ed funkce.<\/p>\n

Seznam pou\u017eit\u00fdch zdroj\u016f:<\/h4>\n
    \n
  1. Alzheimer\u2019s Association. (21 July 2022). What is dementia?.<\/em> https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia?lang=en-US<\/li>\n
  2. Alzheimer\u2019s Association. (21 July 2022). What is Alzheimer\u2019s Disease?<\/em>. https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-alzheimers?lang=en-US<\/li>\n
  3. World Health Organization. (21 July 2022). Dementia<\/em>. https:\/\/www.who.int\/es\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/dementia<\/li>\n
  4. J.H.T. Karlawish et al. The ability of persons with Alzheimer disease (AD) to make a decision about taking an\u00a0AD\u00a0treatment. Neurology.\u00a02005;64:1514-1519<\/li>\n
  5. \u00a0Roberto et al. Neuropsychiatric profiles and conversion to dementia in mild cognitive impairment, a latent class analysis. Scientific Reports. 2021; 11:6448<\/li>\n
  6. \u00a0Alegret et al. Detection of visuoperceptual deficits in preclinical and mild Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology. 2009; 860-867<\/li>\n
  7. Williams et al. Language changes in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A systematic review of verb processing. Brain and Language. 2021; 223:105041<\/li>\n
  8. Alonso-Lana et al. Cognitive and Neuropsychiatric Manifestations of Covid-19 and Effects on Elderly Individuals with Dementia. Frontiers. 2020<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

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    <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Alzheimerova choroba m\u00e1 mnoho podob. P\u0159\u00edznaky se li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na posti\u017een\u00e9 oblasti. Projev prvn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f Alzheimera u mlad\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka (do 65 let) nen\u00ed stejn\u00fd jako u \u010dlov\u011bka v sedmdes\u00e1ti nebo osmdes\u00e1ti letech.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1389,"featured_media":28140,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[89],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28139","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-alzheimerova-choroba"],"yoast_head":"\nPrvn\u00edch 10 p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f Alzheimerovy choroby - Neuraxpharm CZ<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.neuraxpharm.com\/cz\/blog\/prvnich-10-priznaku-alzheimerovy-choroby\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Prvn\u00edch 10 p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f Alzheimerovy choroby\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Alzheimerova choroba m\u00e1 mnoho podob. P\u0159\u00edznaky se li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na posti\u017een\u00e9 oblasti. 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