{"id":3679,"date":"2021-03-11T12:16:33","date_gmt":"2021-03-11T12:16:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/neuraxpharm.com\/v2\/?page_id=3679"},"modified":"2022-12-13T11:05:49","modified_gmt":"2022-12-13T11:05:49","slug":"obsedantne-kompulzivni-porucha","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.neuraxpharm.com\/cz\/poruchy\/obsedantne-kompulzivni-porucha","title":{"rendered":"Obsedantn\u011b kompulzivn\u00ed porucha"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Obsedantn\u011b kompulzivn\u00ed porucha<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\tV T\u00c9TO \u010c\u00c1STI\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Alzheimerova choroba<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Prvn\u00edch 10 p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f Alzheimerovy choroby<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Alzheimerova choroba<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Je Alzheimerova choroba d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00e1?<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Epilepsie<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Vysv\u011btlen\u00ed epilepsie ostatn\u00edm: jak vysv\u011btl\u00edm epilepsii sv\u00e9mu d\u00edt\u011bti?<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\tV T\u00c9TO \u010c\u00c1STI\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Neuraxpharm <\/a><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Obsedantn\u011b kompulzivn\u00ed porucha (OCD) je b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 dlouhodob\u00e1 du\u0161evn\u00ed nemoc, charakterizovan\u00e1 obsedantn\u00edmi my\u0161lenkami a kompulzivn\u00edm chov\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/p>

\u00a0P\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si v\u00edce o symptomech, l\u00e9\u010db\u011b a zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed nemoci.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Co je OCD?\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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OCD je du\u0161evn\u00ed nemoc, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee ovliv\u0148ovat my\u0161lenky i chov\u00e1n\u00ed. I kdy\u017e se m\u016f\u017ee vyvinout v d\u011btstv\u00ed, obvykle se objevuje v ran\u00e9 dosp\u011blosti.<\/p>

Lid\u00e9 s OCD maj\u00ed obsedantn\u00ed a necht\u011bn\u00e9 my\u0161lenky, p\u0159edstavy nebo nutk\u00e1n\u00ed. \u010casto se s t\u011bmito my\u0161lenkami vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1vaj\u00ed nebo je neutralizuj\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed kompulzivn\u00ed a opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se chov\u00e1n\u00ed. T\u00edm m\u016f\u017ee vzniknout cyklus opakovan\u00fdch, nekontrolovan\u00fdch a necht\u011bn\u00fdch my\u0161lenek a chov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 mohou m\u00edt v\u00fdznamn\u00fd dopad na jejich ka\u017edodenn\u00ed \u017eivot. Nap\u0159\u00edklad osoba s obsedantn\u00edm strachem z vloup\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee opakovan\u011b a velmi intenzivn\u011b kontrolovat z\u00e1mky dve\u0159\u00ed a oken.<\/p>

Mnoho lid\u00ed m\u00e1 v ur\u010dit\u00e9m okam\u017eiku podobn\u00e9 stresuj\u00edc\u00ed a necht\u011bn\u00e9 my\u0161lenky a nutk\u00e1n\u00ed dokon\u010dit opakovan\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed, ale to m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 a neznamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee maj\u00ed OCD. U OCD jsou stresuj\u00edc\u00ed my\u0161lenky a opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se chov\u00e1n\u00ed trval\u00e9. Lid\u00e9 s OCD budou se sv\u00fdmi obsedantn\u00edmi my\u0161lenkami st\u00e1le bojovat, i kdy\u017e v\u011bd\u00ed, \u017ee nejsou zalo\u017een\u00e9 na skute\u010dnosti.<\/p>

Kompulzivn\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jednotlivci pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v reakci na sv\u00e9 obsedantn\u00ed my\u0161lenky, m\u016f\u017ee do\u010dasn\u011b zm\u00edrnit \u00fazkost, ale obsese a \u00fazkost se brzy vr\u00e1t\u00ed a t\u00edm cyklus znovu za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Jak\u00e9 jsou hlavn\u00ed typy OCD?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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OCD je jedna nemoc, ale projevovat se m\u016f\u017ee r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby. V\u011bt\u0161ina lid\u00ed s OCD m\u00e1 jak obsedantn\u00ed my\u0161lenky, tak kompulze, ale lze m\u00edt jen jedno bez druh\u00e9ho. Krom\u011b toho se typy obsedantn\u00edch my\u0161lenek a nutkav\u00e9ho chov\u00e1n\u00ed mezi jednotlivci li\u0161\u00ed; nap\u0159\u00edklad n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 se mohou zam\u011b\u0159ovat na \u010distotu, zat\u00edmco u jin\u00fdch je p\u0159\u00edznakem shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>

N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed odborn\u00edci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee OCD za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed v d\u011btstv\u00ed se li\u0161\u00ed od OCD dosp\u011bl\u00fdch. Jedna studie zkoumaj\u00edc\u00ed p\u00e1ry dvoj\u010dat uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee geny hraj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed roli u OCD za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed v d\u011btstv\u00ed, ne\u017e u OCD, jej\u00ed\u017e p\u0159\u00edznaky za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed v dosp\u011blosti[1]<\/sup>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Kolik lid\u00ed trp\u00ed OCD?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Studie prevalence OCD u lid\u00ed ve v\u011bku star\u0161\u00edch 20 let v 17 hlavn\u00edch evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00edch p\u0159inesla odhad, \u017ee v roce 2019 bylo 6,4 milionu p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, a p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1 12m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed prevalenci v roce 2029 v rozmez\u00ed od 16\/1 000 v It\u00e1lii do 17\/1 000 v Norsku[2]<\/sup>.<\/p>

Celosv\u011btov\u00fd v\u00fdskyt OCD se odhaduje na 1,5 % u \u017een a 1,0 % u mu\u017e\u016f. Mu\u017ei jsou \u010dast\u011bji posti\u017eeni v d\u011btstv\u00ed, zat\u00edmco \u017eeny maj\u00ed m\u00edrn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed prevalenci v dosp\u011blosti[3]<\/sup>,[4]<\/sup>. Tato nemoc postihuje lidi v\u0161ech pohlav\u00ed, etnick\u00fdch skupin a socioekonomick\u00fdch postaven\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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P\u0159\u00edznaky\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Lid\u00e9 s OCD mohou m\u00edt p\u0159\u00edznaky obses\u00ed, kompulz\u00ed nebo oboj\u00edho. P\u0159\u00edznaky mohou negativn\u011b dopadat na v\u0161echny aspekty jejich \u017eivota, jako je pr\u00e1ce, \u0161kola a osobn\u00ed vztahy.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Jak\u00e9 jsou p\u0159\u00edznaky OCD?\n<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Lid\u00e9 s OCD tr\u00e1p\u00ed opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed a nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 my\u0161lenky, zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako obsese. Mohou tak\u00e9 poci\u0165ovat pot\u0159ebu dokon\u010dit ur\u010dit\u00e9 opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se chov\u00e1n\u00ed s c\u00edlem na tyto my\u0161lenky reagovat a neutralizovat je; tyto my\u0161lenky jsou zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako kompulze. Mezi b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/p>

Obsese<\/h4>