{"id":3610,"date":"2021-03-11T11:56:41","date_gmt":"2021-03-11T11:56:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/neuraxpharm.com\/v2\/?page_id=3610"},"modified":"2023-05-24T11:49:48","modified_gmt":"2023-05-24T11:49:48","slug":"deprese","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.neuraxpharm.com\/cz\/poruchy\/deprese","title":{"rendered":"Deprese"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Deprese<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\tV T\u00c9TO \u010c\u00c1STI\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Souvisej\u00edc\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Deprese<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Deprese a jak pomoci n\u011bkomu, kdo proch\u00e1z\u00ed t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm obdob\u00edm<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\tV T\u00c9TO \u010c\u00c1STI\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Neuraxpharm <\/a><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Deprese p\u016fsob\u00ed lidem \u0161patnou n\u00e1ladu a pocity smutku. Rozsah p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt od m\u00edrn\u00fdch a\u017e po t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 a depresi m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt n\u011bkdy ka\u017ed\u00fd.<\/p>

N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 si mohou myslet, \u017ee maj\u00ed depresi, pokud se po n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed c\u00edt\u00ed trochu \u201ena dn\u011b\u201c nebo ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00ed, to se ale v\u00fdrazn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed od klinick\u00e9ho stavu, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee trvat t\u00fddny nebo m\u011bs\u00edce.<\/p>

Zjist\u011bte v\u00edce o tom, co depresi zp\u016fsobuje, jak\u00e9 dopady m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt a o mo\u017enostech jej\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Co je to deprese?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Deprese je b\u011b\u017en\u00fd stav du\u0161evn\u00edho zdrav\u00ed, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed negativn\u00ed pocity a obecn\u00fd nez\u00e1jem o ka\u017edodenn\u00ed \u017eivot a \u010dinnosti, kter\u00e9 by posti\u017een\u00e9ho obvykle bavily. M\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 ovlivnit chu\u0165 k j\u00eddlu a sp\u00e1nek lid\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e jej\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed \u00fanavu a \u0161patnou koncentraci. Lid\u00e9 s depres\u00ed mohou m\u00edt tak\u00e9 n\u00edzk\u00e9 sebev\u011bdom\u00ed.<\/p>

Stav m\u016f\u017ee trvat ur\u010ditou dobu a m\u00edt podstatn\u00fd vliv na ka\u017edodenn\u00ed pohodu a po\u017eitek ze \u017eivota a vztah\u016f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Jak\u00e9 jsou hlavn\u00ed typy deprese?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Deprese m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt obvykle pops\u00e1na jako velk\u00e1 deprese nebo chronick\u00e1 deprese. Velk\u00e1 deprese popisuje stav, kter\u00fd postihuje \u010dlov\u011bka ka\u017ed\u00fd den po dobu nejm\u00e9n\u011b dvou t\u00fddn\u016f; to se m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t jen jednou nebo v pr\u016fb\u011bhu n\u011bkolika epizod. Chronick\u00e1 deprese popisuje stav, kdy m\u00e1 n\u011bkdo velk\u00e9 depresivn\u00ed epizody prokl\u00e1dan\u00e9 obdob\u00edmi m\u00e9n\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f po dobu nejm\u00e9n\u011b dvou let.<\/p>

V roce 2008 Sv\u011btov\u00e1 zdravotnick\u00e1 organizace za\u0159adila velkou depresi na t\u0159et\u00ed m\u00edsto v seznamu hlavn\u00edch p\u0159\u00ed\u010din celosv\u011btov\u00e9 \u201ez\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee nemoc\u00ed\u201c (dopad zdravotn\u00edho probl\u00e9mu na obyvatelstvo) a p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee nemoc bude do roku 2030 na prvn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b[1]<\/sup>.<\/p>

Chronick\u00e1 depresivn\u00ed porucha je b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 chronick\u00e1 porucha n\u00e1lady, kter\u00e1 pacienty zneschop\u0148uje \u010dast\u011bji, ne\u017e epizodick\u00e1 velk\u00e1 deprese. Tento term\u00edn zahrnuje n\u011bkolik chronick\u00fdch depresivn\u00edch projev\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b chronick\u00e9 velk\u00e9 deprese a recidivuj\u00edc\u00ed velk\u00e9 deprese bez zotaven\u00ed mezi epizodami[2]<\/sup>. N\u011bkter\u00e9 typy deprese jsou specifick\u00e9 pro ur\u010dit\u00e9 skupiny; nap\u0159\u00edklad t\u011bhotn\u00e9 \u017eeny mohou za\u017e\u00edt perinat\u00e1ln\u00ed nebo poporodn\u00ed deprese v dob\u011b jejich narozen\u00ed d\u00edt\u011bte. Tento typ deprese bude s nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed vy\u017eadovat specializovanou l\u00e9\u010dbu, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee zahrnovat i u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed l\u00e9k\u016f.<\/p>

Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed depresivn\u00ed poruchy pat\u0159\u00ed psychotick\u00e1 deprese, sez\u00f3nn\u00ed afektivn\u00ed porucha, souvisej\u00edc\u00ed stav bipol\u00e1rn\u00ed porucha<\/u>, naru\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed porucha dysregulace n\u00e1lady (u d\u011bt\u00ed a ml\u00e1de\u017ee) a premenstrua\u010dn\u00ed dysforick\u00e1 porucha (PMDD).<\/p>

Psychotick\u00e1 deprese znamen\u00e1, \u017ee porucha n\u00e1lady je doprov\u00e1zena bludy, halucinacemi, nebo oboj\u00edm. I kdy\u017e byla kdysi pova\u017eov\u00e1na za relativn\u011b neobvyklou, \u010dasto se v klinick\u00e9 praxi vyskytuje, zejm\u00e9na u pacient\u016f s depres\u00ed rezistentn\u00ed na l\u00e9\u010dbu.<\/p>

Sez\u00f3nn\u00ed afektivn\u00ed porucha (SAD) je kombinac\u00ed biologick\u00fdch poruch a poruch n\u00e1lady se sez\u00f3nn\u00edm vzorcem, obvykle se vyskytuj\u00ed na podzim a v zim\u011b s remis\u00ed na ja\u0159e nebo v l\u00e9t\u011b. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci v jedn\u00e9 studii zjistili, \u017ee v dan\u00e9m roce trp\u00ed touto poruchou p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 5% americk\u00e9 populace, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edznaky p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b po 40% roku[3]<\/sup>. Odhady prevalence v jin\u00fdch studi\u00edch se v\u0161ak pohybovaly od 0% do 9,7%. SAD je \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v severn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zem\u011bpisn\u00fdch \u0161\u00ed\u0159k\u00e1ch, ale jeho v\u00fdskyt se li\u0161\u00ed nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d etnick\u00fdmi skupinami[4]<\/sup>.<\/p>

Diagn\u00f3za naru\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed poruchy dysregulace n\u00e1lady je relativn\u011b nov\u00e1. Jedn\u00e1 se o \u010dast\u00e9, p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed, siln\u00e9 v\u00fdbuchy n\u00e1lad, kter\u00e9 jsou ne\u00fam\u011brn\u00e9 situaci a v\u00fdvojov\u00fdm souvislostem, v kombinaci s p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edm na\u0161tv\u00e1n\u00edm\/podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00edm mezi v\u00fdbuchy n\u00e1lad[5]<\/sup>.<\/p>

Premenstrua\u010dn\u00ed poruchy postihuj\u00ed a\u017e 12% \u017een. Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi n\u011b premenstrua\u010dn\u00ed syndrom a premenstrua\u010dn\u00ed dysforick\u00e1 porucha, kter\u00e9 zahrnuj\u00ed psychick\u00e9 a fyzick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky, zp\u016fsobuj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 zhor\u0161en\u00ed b\u011bhem lute\u00e1ln\u00ed f\u00e1ze menstrua\u010dn\u00edho cyklu, ale vymiz\u00ed kr\u00e1tce po menstruaci[6]<\/sup>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Kolik lid\u00ed trp\u00ed depres\u00ed?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Deprese je b\u011b\u017en\u00fd stav a p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee postihuje v\u00edce ne\u017e 264 milion\u016f lid\u00ed po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b[7]<\/sup>. Jedna studie uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee ve 28 zem\u00edch Evropsk\u00e9 unie bylo depres\u00ed posti\u017eeno nejm\u00e9n\u011b 21 milion\u016f lid\u00ed. Deprese se tak stala nejn\u00e1kladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mozkovou poruchou v Evrop\u011b s celkov\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdmi a nep\u0159\u00edm\u00fdmi n\u00e1klady odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edmi 1% celkov\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed (hrub\u00e9ho dom\u00e1c\u00edho produktu) EU[8]<\/sup>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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P\u0159\u00edznaky\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Deprese m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu du\u0161evn\u00edch a fyzick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f, a p\u0159\u00edznaky jednotliv\u00fdch osob se mohou li\u0161it.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Jak\u00e9 jsou p\u0159\u00edznaky deprese?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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P\u0159\u00edznaky deprese se pohybuj\u00ed v rozsahu od m\u00edrn\u00fdch a\u017e po t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9. Na rozd\u00edl od pocit\u016f ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou zp\u016fsobeny obt\u00ed\u017enou situac\u00ed a vy\u0159e\u0161\u00ed se samy b\u011bhem kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 doby, p\u0159\u00edznaky deprese jsou p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/p>

P\u0159\u00edznaky mohou ovlivnit fyzick\u00e9 a du\u0161evn\u00ed zdrav\u00ed lid\u00ed, stejn\u011b jako jejich soci\u00e1ln\u00ed interakce. Mnoho lid\u00ed s depres\u00ed\u00a0tak\u00e9 trp\u00ed \u00fazkost\u00ed. K p\u0159\u00edznak\u016fm m\u016f\u017ee pat\u0159It:<\/p>

Du\u0161evn\u00ed\/emocion\u00e1ln\u00ed:<\/p>