{"id":3623,"date":"2021-03-11T11:57:50","date_gmt":"2021-03-11T11:57:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.neuraxpharm.com\/it2\/?page_id=3623"},"modified":"2022-07-14T11:32:51","modified_gmt":"2022-07-14T11:32:51","slug":"usage-substances","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.neuraxpharm.com\/ch-fr\/troubles\/usage-substances","title":{"rendered":"Troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 l&rsquo;usage de substances"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"3623\" class=\"elementor elementor-3623\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-060209f elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-items-bottom banner_top elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"060209f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;00936a0&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}],&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-df365c7\" data-id=\"df365c7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-9789da9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9789da9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;650699a&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-0725104 elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-phone\" data-id=\"0725104\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-e025551\" data-id=\"e025551\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3f5ec1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c3f5ec1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 l&rsquo;usage de substances<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c4d3d95 text_disorders elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c4d3d95\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;245babd&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3f35c95 sticky-parent\" data-id=\"3f35c95\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-c38b907 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c38b907\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;87539ac&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}],&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c11e767\" data-id=\"c11e767\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b0879d elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"8b0879d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-chevron-right&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;},&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Aucun titre n\\u2019a \\u00e9t\\u00e9 trouv\\u00e9 sur cette page.&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tDANS CETTE SECTION\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__8b0879d\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-60a0257 sticky-column elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-phone elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"60a0257\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;87539ac&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}],&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ce8acbe\" data-id=\"ce8acbe\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55fa575 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"55fa575\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d862fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0d862fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Articles connexes<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c99450 elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-listing-grid\" data-id=\"5c99450\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;columns&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"jet-listing-grid.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"jet-listing-grid jet-listing\"><div class=\"jet-listing-not-found jet-listing-grid__items\" data-nav=\"{&quot;enabled&quot;:false,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;more_el&quot;:null,&quot;query&quot;:[],&quot;widget_settings&quot;:{&quot;lisitng_id&quot;:3204,&quot;posts_num&quot;:3,&quot;columns&quot;:1,&quot;columns_tablet&quot;:1,&quot;columns_mobile&quot;:1,&quot;column_min_width&quot;:240,&quot;column_min_width_tablet&quot;:240,&quot;column_min_width_mobile&quot;:240,&quot;inline_columns_css&quot;:false,&quot;is_archive_template&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;post_status&quot;:[&quot;publish&quot;],&quot;use_random_posts_num&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;max_posts_num&quot;:9,&quot;not_found_message&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;is_masonry&quot;:false,&quot;equal_columns_height&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;use_load_more&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;load_more_id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;load_more_type&quot;:&quot;click&quot;,&quot;load_more_offset&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:0,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;use_custom_post_types&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;custom_post_types&quot;:[],&quot;hide_widget_if&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;carousel_enabled&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;slides_to_scroll&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;arrows&quot;:&quot;true&quot;,&quot;arrow_icon&quot;:&quot;fa fa-angle-left&quot;,&quot;dots&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;true&quot;,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;true&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:5000,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;true&quot;,&quot;center_mode&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;effect&quot;:&quot;slide&quot;,&quot;speed&quot;:500,&quot;inject_alternative_items&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;injection_items&quot;:[],&quot;scroll_slider_enabled&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;scroll_slider_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;mobile&quot;],&quot;custom_query&quot;:false,&quot;custom_query_id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;_element_id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;collapse_first_last_gap&quot;:false,&quot;list_tag_selection&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;list_items_wrapper_tag&quot;:&quot;div&quot;,&quot;list_item_tag&quot;:&quot;div&quot;,&quot;empty_items_wrapper_tag&quot;:&quot;div&quot;}}\" data-listing-source=\"posts\" data-listing-id=\"3204\" data-query-id=\"\" data-queried-id=\"3623|WP_Post\">\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"page\" data-elementor-id=\"22443\" class=\"elementor elementor-22443\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-dd8561e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"dd8561e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;7a0f9f5&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0d93a1f\" data-id=\"0d93a1f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ae764b elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-listing-grid\" data-id=\"8ae764b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;columns&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"jet-listing-grid.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"jet-listing-notice\">Please select another listing to show to avoid recursion.<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><style>.elementor-22443 .elementor-element.elementor-element-dd8561e .elementor-repeater-item-7a0f9f5.jet-parallax-section__layout .jet-parallax-section__image{background-size:auto;}.elementor-22443 .elementor-element.elementor-element-0d93a1f > .elementor-element-populated{text-align:left;}.elementor-22443 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8ae764b > .elementor-widget-container > .jet-listing-grid > .jet-listing-grid__items, .elementor-22443 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8ae764b > .jet-listing-grid > .jet-listing-grid__items{--columns:1;}:root{--page-title-display:none;}\/* Start custom CSS for section, class: .elementor-element-dd8561e *\/.elementor-page-title {\r\n    display: block;\r\n}\/* End custom CSS *\/<\/style><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-b00790b elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-phone elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b00790b\" data-element_type=\"section\" id=\"main-navigation\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;87539ac&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}],&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-98785eb\" data-id=\"98785eb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-afd6910 elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"afd6910\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-chevron-right&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;},&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Aucun titre n\\u2019a \\u00e9t\\u00e9 trouv\\u00e9 sur cette page.&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tDANS CETTE SECTION\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__afd6910\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a1bbc9b elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-phone\" data-id=\"a1bbc9b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-18c77c0 page-health\" data-id=\"18c77c0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-93b4c45 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"93b4c45\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3feddb6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-breadcrumbs\" data-id=\"3feddb6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jet-breadcrumbs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-jet-breadcrumbs jet-blocks\">\n\t\t<div class=\"jet-breadcrumbs\">\n\t\t<div class=\"jet-breadcrumbs__content\">\n\t\t<div class=\"jet-breadcrumbs__wrap\"><div class=\"jet-breadcrumbs__item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.neuraxpharm.com\/ch-fr\/\" class=\"jet-breadcrumbs__item-link is-home\" rel=\"home\" title=\"Neuraxpharm\">Neuraxpharm <\/a><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-90283e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"90283e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Le trouble li\u00e9 \u00e0 la consommation de substances est une affection complexe impliquant la consommation incontr\u00f4l\u00e9e d&rsquo;une substance, malgr\u00e9 ses cons\u00e9quences n\u00e9fastes. D\u00e9couvrez les troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances, notamment leurs sympt\u00f4mes, et la fa\u00e7on dont ils peuvent \u00eatre g\u00e9r\u00e9s et trait\u00e9s.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c27b39 no_in_this_section elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7c27b39\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Qu'est-ce que les troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances ?\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9695e39 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9695e39\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Le trouble li\u00e9 \u00e0 la consommation de substances se produit lorsqu&rsquo;une personne perd la capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 contr\u00f4ler sa consommation d&rsquo;une substance telle que les drogues, les m\u00e9dicaments, l&rsquo;alcool ou le tabac, se portant ainsi pr\u00e9judice \u00e0 elle-m\u00eame ou aux autres. Ces substances activent le syst\u00e8me de r\u00e9compense du cerveau, produisant des sensations agr\u00e9ables, ce qui peut engendrer des envies irr\u00e9pressibles. Un trouble li\u00e9 \u00e0 la consommation de substances peut emp\u00eacher une personne d\u2019agir normalement au quotidien.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e5b93b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6e5b93b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quels sont les principaux types de troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances ?\n<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb23c9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fb23c9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances sont diagnostiqu\u00e9s en fonction de la substance principale consomm\u00e9e. Il existe deux types de troubles principaux :<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d7e3ec lista_1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9d7e3ec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n \t<li><b>Trouble li\u00e9 \u00e0 la consommation d\u2019alcool : <\/b>L&rsquo;alcool est l&rsquo;une des substances toxiques les plus consomm\u00e9es. Lorsqu&rsquo;une personne boit de l&rsquo;alcool en exc\u00e8s (on parle souvent d&rsquo;alcoolisme), elle perd le contr\u00f4le sur la quantit\u00e9 d&rsquo;alcool consomm\u00e9e. Elle peut \u00e9galement ressentir des sympt\u00f4mes de manque si elle ne boit pas. L&rsquo;alcoolisme peut provoquer de s\u00e9rieux probl\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9 et endommager des organes, notamment le foie, le c\u0153ur ou le cerveau. L\u2019alcoolod\u00e9pendance peut \u00e9galement entra\u00eener des comportements destructeurs et des cons\u00e9quences involontaires, notamment des conflits familiaux, des violences, des accidents et des blessures, des rapports sexuels non prot\u00e9g\u00e9s, la perte de biens personnels (portefeuille, sac \u00e0 main, t\u00e9l\u00e9phone portable et argent), la conduite en \u00e9tat d&rsquo;ivresse et des absences au travail ou aux cours.<\/li>\n \t<li><b>Trouble li\u00e9 \u00e0 la consommation de drogues :<\/b> Souvent appel\u00e9 toxicomanie, il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;une affection chronique difficile \u00e0 contr\u00f4ler. Lorsqu&rsquo;une personne est d\u00e9pendante de drogues, elle ne peut r\u00e9sister \u00e0 l&rsquo;envie d&rsquo;en consommer, quels que soient les dommages qu&rsquo;elles peuvent engendrer. La toxicomanie peut comprendre des drogues illicites, mais aussi des m\u00e9dicaments sur ordonnance ou une combinaison des deux. Les drogues telles que la coca\u00efne, l&rsquo;h\u00e9ro\u00efne, les m\u00e9thamph\u00e9tamines, les benzodiaz\u00e9pines, les st\u00e9ro\u00efdes et les substances inhal\u00e9es cr\u00e9ent une forte d\u00e9pendance. Elles peuvent conduire tr\u00e8s rapidement \u00e0 un trouble li\u00e9 \u00e0 la consommation de substances. La toxicomanie entra\u00eene des modifications du cerveau au fil du temps, ce qui peut rendre tr\u00e8s difficile de r\u00e9sister aux envies intenses de consommer des drogues. C&rsquo;est pourquoi les personnes d\u00e9pendantes peuvent rechuter apr\u00e8s avoir essay\u00e9 d&rsquo;arr\u00eater. Les troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de drogues peuvent avoir un effet d\u00e9vastateur sur la vie des gens, entra\u00eenant des probl\u00e8mes relationnels, de mauvais r\u00e9sultats professionnels ou acad\u00e9miques, des probl\u00e8mes d&rsquo;hygi\u00e8ne personnelle, plus d\u2019impulsivit\u00e9 et de prise de risques, ainsi qu&rsquo;une perte d&rsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eat pour les passe-temps et les activit\u00e9s.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef9b9bc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ef9b9bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"> Combien de personnes souffrent de troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances ?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c90f4e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1c90f4e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La consommation d&rsquo;alcool est \u00e0 l\u2019origine de trois millions de d\u00e9c\u00e8s chaque ann\u00e9e dans le monde, selon l&rsquo;Organisation mondiale de la sant\u00e9. Globalement, les troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation d&rsquo;alcool sont responsables de 5,1 % de la charge mondiale de morbidit\u00e9. L&rsquo;alcool est le principal facteur de risque de mortalit\u00e9 pr\u00e9matur\u00e9e et d&rsquo;invalidit\u00e9 chez les personnes \u00e2g\u00e9es de 15 \u00e0 49 ans, repr\u00e9sentant 10 % de tous les d\u00e9c\u00e8s chez cette tranche d&rsquo;\u00e2ge.<\/p><p>Selon l&rsquo;Organisation mondiale de la sant\u00e9, pr\u00e8s de 270 millions de personnes (soit environ 5,5 % de la population mondiale \u00e2g\u00e9e de 15 \u00e0 64 ans) ont consomm\u00e9 des substances psychoactives au cours de l&rsquo;ann\u00e9e derni\u00e8re et on estime qu&rsquo;environ 35 millions de personnes souffrent de troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de drogues. On estime qu&rsquo;environ un demi-million de d\u00e9c\u00e8s par an sont dus \u00e0 la consommation de drogues, soit 350 000 d\u00e9c\u00e8s d\u2019hommes et 150 000 d\u00e9c\u00e8s de femmes.<sup><a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote1sym\" name=\"sdfootnote1anc\">1<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e0c5f42 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e0c5f42\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sympt\u00f4mes<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf2b926 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cf2b926\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les sympt\u00f4mes des troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances varient d&rsquo;une personne \u00e0 l&rsquo;autre et peuvent \u00e9galement d\u00e9pendre du type d\u2019addiction.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63ceac9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"63ceac9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quels sont les sympt\u00f4mes des troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances ?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e57465 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2e57465\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Il existe plusieurs signes et sympt\u00f4mes des troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances, communs \u00e0 la plupart des types de d\u00e9pendance. Ces derniers comprennent :<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-30229f9 lista_1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"30229f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n \t<li><a name=\"_heading=h.1fob9te\"><\/a> <b>Changements comportementaux et sociaux :<\/b>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Comportement myst\u00e9rieux ou malhonn\u00eate<\/li>\n \t<li>Manque de motivation pour faire quoi que ce soit, apathie<\/li>\n \t<li>Changements dans les habitudes alimentaires ou les habitudes de sommeil<\/li>\n \t<li>Perte d&rsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eat pour les passe-temps et les activit\u00e9s<\/li>\n \t<li>Mise en retrait des amis et de la famille<\/li>\n \t<li>Mauvais rendement ou absent\u00e9isme au travail<\/li>\n \t<li>Abus de substances dans des situations potentiellement dangereuses (notamment en conduisant ou en manipulant des machines)<\/li>\n \t<li>Trouver des excuses pour justifier l&rsquo;abus de substances (par exemple, pour faire la f\u00eate ou pour soulager le stress)<\/li>\n \t<li>N\u00e9gliger ses responsabilit\u00e9s \u00e0 la maison ou au travail<\/li>\n \t<li>Emprunter ou voler de l&rsquo;argent<\/li>\n \t<li>Comportements impr\u00e9visibles<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n \t<li><b>Changements psychologiques :<\/b>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Sautes d\u2019humeur soudaines<\/li>\n \t<li>Changements de personnalit\u00e9 tels que l&rsquo;irritabilit\u00e9 ou les acc\u00e8s de col\u00e8re<\/li>\n \t<li>Sentiments d&rsquo;hyperactivit\u00e9 ou d&rsquo;agitation<\/li>\n \t<li>Apparition d&rsquo;un sentiment d&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9, de peur ou de parano\u00efa sans raison particuli\u00e8re<\/li>\n \t<li>Probl\u00e8mes de concentration<\/li>\n \t<li>\u00catre sur la d\u00e9fensive<\/li>\n \t<li>Difficult\u00e9s \u00e0 prendre les bonnes d\u00e9cisions<\/li>\n \t<li>Faible estime de soi<\/li>\n \t<li>Sentiment de d\u00e9sespoir<\/li>\n \t<li>Aggravation de troubles mentaux existants tels que l&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 ou la d\u00e9pression<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n \t<li><b>Changements physiques :<\/b>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Perte ou prise de poids soudaine<\/li>\n \t<li>Yeux rouges<\/li>\n \t<li>Dilatation des pupilles (mydriase)<\/li>\n \t<li>Gonflement du visage<\/li>\n \t<li>Couleur de peau inhabituelle<\/li>\n \t<li>Mauvaise haleine<\/li>\n \t<li>Secousses ou tremblements<\/li>\n \t<li>D\u00e9t\u00e9rioration g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de l&rsquo;apparence physique<\/li>\n \t<li>Marques d&rsquo;injection (avec les drogues)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9bc1124 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9bc1124\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quelles sont les \u00e9tapes des troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances ?\n<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-825b86d lista_1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"825b86d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLes personnes qui deviennent d\u00e9pendantes de substances telles que l&rsquo;alcool ou les drogues traversent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement quatre phases. Une bonne compr\u00e9hension des \u00e9tapes de ces troubles peut aider les gens \u00e0 reconna\u00eetre s&rsquo;ils ont un probl\u00e8me et \u00e0 demander de l&rsquo;aide avant de devenir d\u00e9pendants de la substance.\n\nLes quatre \u00e9tapes principales sont les suivantes :\n<br>\n<ol>\n \t<li><b>L&rsquo;exp\u00e9rimentation : <\/b>L\u2019abus de substances commence par l&rsquo;exp\u00e9rimentation ou la consommation volontaire. Chez les adolescents et les jeunes adultes, la substance est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement achet\u00e9e et test\u00e9e avec des amis, souvent en r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 la pression des camarades et copains. Les personnes plus \u00e2g\u00e9es peuvent commencer une autom\u00e9dication en r\u00e9action \u00e0 des probl\u00e8mes dans leur vie personnelle, tels qu\u2019une s\u00e9paration, un divorce, un deuil ou la perte d&rsquo;un emploi. \u00c0 cet \u00e2ge, la consommation d&rsquo;alcool ou de drogues est peu fr\u00e9quente.<\/li>\n \t<li><b>Consommation r\u00e9guli\u00e8re ou risqu\u00e9e : <\/b>Cette \u00e9tape se caract\u00e9rise par une consommation fr\u00e9quente. Elle ne se produit pas n\u00e9cessairement tous les jours, mais la consommation de la substance peut suivre un sch\u00e9ma pr\u00e9visible (par exemple, tous les week-ends) ou une situation pr\u00e9visible (notamment dans un moment d&rsquo;ennui, de solitude, d&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 ou de contrari\u00e9t\u00e9). Elle commence \u00e0 devenir risqu\u00e9e lorsqu&rsquo;elle cr\u00e9e des probl\u00e8mes \u00e9motionnels, physiques ou sociaux. Elle peut entra\u00eener des probl\u00e8mes au travail, des probl\u00e8mes relationnels, des accidents et des l\u00e9sions, une conduite en \u00e9tat d&rsquo;ivresse ainsi que d\u2019autres cons\u00e9quences graves et involontaires.<\/li>\n \t<li><b>D\u00e9pendance : <\/b>Au stade de la d\u00e9pendance, la personne continue \u00e0 consommer r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement la substance malgr\u00e9 les dommages physiques, sociaux et \u00e9motionnels qu&rsquo;elle engendre. De nombreuses personnes ayant une d\u00e9pendance \u00e0 l&rsquo;alcool ou aux drogues sont encore capables de garder un emploi, d&rsquo;entretenir des relations avec leur famille et leurs amis, et de limiter leur consommation \u00e0 certains moments. Cependant, ils auront du mal \u00e0 reconna\u00eetre les effets de ces abus sur leur entourage. Voici quelques-uns des principaux signes de d\u00e9pendance :<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n \t<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n \t<li>Ne pas assumer ses responsabilit\u00e9s<\/li>\n \t<li>Boire ou consommer des drogues de fa\u00e7on r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9e et dans des situations dangereuses, notamment en conduisant ou en manipulant des machines<\/li>\n \t<li>D\u00e9velopper une tol\u00e9rance, ce qui implique une consommation plus importante d&rsquo;alcool ou de drogues pour avoir le m\u00eame effet<\/li>\n \t<li>Ressentir des sympt\u00f4mes de sevrage<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n \t<li><b>Addiction : <\/b>Lorsqu&rsquo;une personne est d\u00e9pendante et que sa consommation est incontr\u00f4lable. Les sympt\u00f4mes de l\u2019addiction comprennent des envies incontr\u00f4lables, la recherche constante de moyens d&rsquo;obtenir de l&rsquo;alcool ou des drogues, et une consommation qui persiste m\u00eame dans les pires conditions. L\u2019addiction est un trouble \u00e9volutif qui empire avec le temps s\u2019il n&rsquo;est pas trait\u00e9.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-786ed81 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"786ed81\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quels sont les premiers signes des troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances ?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d6b79cf lista_1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d6b79cf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIl est important de rep\u00e9rer les premiers signes d&rsquo;un trouble li\u00e9 \u00e0 la consommation de substances afin d&rsquo;obtenir de l&rsquo;aide le plus rapidement possible.\n\nLes premiers signes de l&rsquo;abus d&rsquo;alcool peuvent inclure :\n<br>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Perte de conscience pendant les p\u00e9riodes de consommation d&rsquo;alcool<\/li>\n \t<li>Conflits r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9s avec la famille, les amis et les coll\u00e8gues de travail<\/li>\n \t<li>Sautes d&rsquo;humeur<\/li>\n \t<li>Consommation d&rsquo;alcool pour se d\u00e9tendre, faire face \u00e0 des probl\u00e8mes, s&rsquo;endormir ou \u00eatre de meilleure humeur.<\/li>\n \t<li>Des sympt\u00f4mes tels que des maux de t\u00eate, des probl\u00e8mes gastriques, de l&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 et de l&rsquo;insomnie lorsqu&rsquo;on ne boit pas<\/li>\n \t<li>Mains qui tremblent<\/li>\n \t<li>Teint rouge\u00e2tre ou capillaires sanguins \u00e9clat\u00e9s sur le visage<\/li>\n \t<li>Yeux rouges<\/li>\n \t<li>Perte ou prise de poids soudaine<\/li>\n \t<li>N\u00e9gliger les habitudes d&rsquo;hygi\u00e8ne personnelle<\/li>\n \t<li>Troubles de l&rsquo;\u00e9locution<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nLes premiers signes de la toxicomanie peuvent comprendre :\n<ul>\n \t<li>N\u00e9gliger ses responsabilit\u00e9s familiales, professionnelles ou acad\u00e9miques<\/li>\n \t<li>Probl\u00e8mes relationnels<\/li>\n \t<li>Consommer des drogues dans des situations potentiellement dangereuses, notamment en conduisant ou en manipulant des machines<\/li>\n \t<li>Adopter des comportements tr\u00e8s risqu\u00e9s, tels qu\u2019utiliser des seringues usag\u00e9es ou avoir des rapports sexuels non prot\u00e9g\u00e9s<\/li>\n \t<li>Probl\u00e8mes avec la justice (notamment voler pour acheter de la drogue ou avoir un comportement antisocial)<\/li>\n \t<li>Pupilles dilat\u00e9es<\/li>\n \t<li>Saignements de nez<\/li>\n \t<li>Perte ou prise de poids soudaine<\/li>\n \t<li>D\u00e9t\u00e9rioration de l&rsquo;hygi\u00e8ne personnelle<\/li>\n \t<li>Discours incoh\u00e9rent<\/li>\n \t<li>Secousses ou tremblements<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41a878b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"41a878b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Causes, facteurs de risque et esp\u00e9rance de vie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8611af3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8611af3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Comme pour de nombreux probl\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9 mentale, plusieurs facteurs peuvent conduire \u00e0 des troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-626958f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"626958f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quelles sont les causes des troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances ?\n<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2db641a lista_1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2db641a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tOn ne conna\u00eet pas la cause exacte des troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances. Plusieurs facteurs peuvent entrer en jeu, notamment :\n<br>\n<ul>\n \t<li><b>L&rsquo;environnement : <\/b>Le contexte familial (notamment les croyances, valeurs et attitudes) ou la fr\u00e9quentation d&rsquo;un certain groupe peuvent encourager la consommation de substances.<\/li>\n \t<li><b>La sant\u00e9 mentale : <\/b>La d\u00e9tresse \u00e9motionnelle, l&rsquo;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9, la d\u00e9pression, le syndrome de stress post-traumatique, une faible estime de soi ou d&rsquo;autres probl\u00e8mes psychologiques peuvent \u00eatre un facteur.<\/li>\n \t<li><b>La g\u00e9n\u00e9tique : <\/b>Les troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances peuvent parfois \u00eatre h\u00e9r\u00e9ditaires.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c86986 elementor-position-left icon_mini_box elementor-view-default elementor-mobile-position-top elementor-vertical-align-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"6c86986\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<span  class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-square\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span  >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tEst-ce que les troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances sont h\u00e9r\u00e9ditaires ?\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tLes troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances sont relativement \u00e0 fortement h\u00e9r\u00e9ditaires.1. Une personne ayant un parent consanguin, comme un p\u00e8re, une m\u00e8re, un fr\u00e8re ou une s\u0153ur, qui souffre d'une addiction \u00e0 la drogue ou \u00e0 l'alcool, a plus de risques de d\u00e9velopper un trouble li\u00e9 \u00e0 la consommation de substances. Les caract\u00e9ristiques g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques peuvent acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer ou retarder la progression du trouble.\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e0503c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3e0503c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Qui est atteint de troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances ?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6c3e07 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f6c3e07\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Toute personne, quel que soit son \u00e2ge, son sexe, son origine ou son statut social, peut devenir d\u00e9pendante de l&rsquo;alcool ou de drogues, bien que la d\u00e9pendance soit plus fr\u00e9quente chez les personnes expos\u00e9es \u00e0 des facteurs de risque environnementaux, mentaux ou g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b29ae2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b29ae2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Combien de temps peut-on vivre avec un trouble li\u00e9 \u00e0 la consommation de substances ?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f19e25b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f19e25b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBien que les gens puissent vivre avec un trouble li\u00e9 \u00e0 la consommation de substances, ce dernier constitue clairement un facteur de risque de d\u00e9c\u00e8s pr\u00e9matur\u00e9. Ces d\u00e9c\u00e8s peuvent \u00eatre provoqu\u00e9s par des maladies et des l\u00e9sions, notamment le suicide, les maladies du foie, l&rsquo;h\u00e9patite, le cancer et le VIH, comme cons\u00e9quence d&rsquo;une consommation excessive de substances.\n\nDans le monde, la consommation de drogues illicites est responsable de plus de 585 000 d\u00e9c\u00e8s pr\u00e9matur\u00e9s, directs et indirects, chaque ann\u00e9e, et 42 % de tous les d\u00e9c\u00e8s concernent des personnes de moins de 50 ans.<sup><a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote1sym\" name=\"sdfootnote1anc\">3<\/a><\/sup>.\n\nOn estime que 2,84 millions de personnes meurent pr\u00e9matur\u00e9ment dans le monde chaque ann\u00e9e \u00e0 cause de la consommation d&rsquo;alcool<sup><a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote2sym\" name=\"sdfootnote2anc\">4<\/a><\/sup>. L&rsquo;Europe pr\u00e9sente la proportion la plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e au monde de maladies et de d\u00e9c\u00e8s pr\u00e9matur\u00e9s dus \u00e0 l&rsquo;alcool et, en Europe de l&rsquo;Est, pr\u00e8s d&rsquo;un tiers des d\u00e9c\u00e8s sont attribu\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation d&rsquo;alcool.\n\n\u00c0 l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle mondiale, pr\u00e8s de trois quarts des personnes d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9es pr\u00e9matur\u00e9ment \u00e0 cause de l&rsquo;alcool ont moins de 70 ans et 28 % ont moins de 50 ans.<a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\"><\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a8d1d9d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a8d1d9d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Diagnostic<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e3780c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3e3780c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement diagnostiqu\u00e9s suite \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9valuation d&rsquo;un m\u00e9decin, mais certaines personnes cherchant de l\u2019aide d\u00e9clareront elles-m\u00eames leur probl\u00e8me.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b344d44 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b344d44\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Comment les troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances sont-ils diagnostiqu\u00e9s ?\n<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df939aa lista_1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"df939aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances sont diagnostiqu\u00e9s \u00e0 l&rsquo;issue d&rsquo;une \u00e9valuation approfondie, qui passe g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement par un contr\u00f4le chez un sp\u00e9cialiste de la sant\u00e9 mentale. La consommation de substances peut \u00eatre v\u00e9rifi\u00e9e \u00e0 l&rsquo;aide de tests sanguins ou urinaires, mais les r\u00e9sultats de ces derniers n\u2019indiquent pas une addiction.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f877e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0f877e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Examens m\u00e9dicaux pour diagnostiquer les troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c1ae2a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1c1ae2a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Il existe de nombreux questionnaires que les professionnels de la sant\u00e9 mentale peuvent utiliser pour faire une \u00e9valuation clinique des probl\u00e8mes li\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019alcool et aux substances.<\/p><p>Ces derniers comprennent le test de d\u00e9pistage de la consommation d\u2019alcool, de tabac et de substances (ASSIST), mis au point pour l&rsquo;Organisation mondiale de la sant\u00e9 afin de faciliter l&rsquo;identification pr\u00e9coce des troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances, le test d&rsquo;identification des troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation d&rsquo;alcool (AUDIT), qui permet d&rsquo;identifier les premiers signes d&rsquo;une consommation nocive d&rsquo;alcool et d&rsquo;une l\u00e9g\u00e8re d\u00e9pendance, le test d&rsquo;identification des troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de drogues, qui permet un d\u00e9pistage auto-administr\u00e9 des probl\u00e8mes li\u00e9s aux drogues, et le test de d\u00e9pistage CRAFFT, con\u00e7u pour \u00e9valuer les risques li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances chez les adolescents.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d0b92d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d0b92d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Traitement et m\u00e9dicaments\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17aa45b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"17aa45b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Le traitement et les m\u00e9dicaments pour les troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances peuvent \u00eatre utilis\u00e9s pour aider les personnes \u00e0 se sevrer de la substance \u00e0 laquelle elles sont d\u00e9pendantes et \u00e0 pr\u00e9venir les rechutes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fbf6b87 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fbf6b87\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Comment les troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances sont-ils trait\u00e9s ?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f5d2b43 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f5d2b43\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Le traitement des troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances d\u00e9pend des circonstances personnelles et des substances auxquelles la personne est d\u00e9pendante. Un programme de traitement peut inclure diff\u00e9rents traitements et strat\u00e9gies.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4827d7c elementor-position-left icon_mini_box lista_1 elementor-view-default elementor-mobile-position-top elementor-vertical-align-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"4827d7c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<span  class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-square\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span  >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tM\u00e9dicaments\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tEn Europe, le domaine de la m\u00e9decine des addictions continue de progresser, notamment en ce qui concerne le d\u00e9veloppement de nouvelles interventions th\u00e9rapeutiques, contribuant \u00e0 offrir un large \u00e9ventail de possibilit\u00e9s aux personnes souffrant de troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances<sup>5<\/sup>.\n\n<br><br>\nDes m\u00e9dicaments peuvent \u00eatre utilis\u00e9s pour aider \u00e0 r\u00e9tablir une fonction c\u00e9r\u00e9brale normale et \u00e0 r\u00e9duire les envies. Ils permettent de traiter la d\u00e9pendance aux opio\u00efdes (notamment l'h\u00e9ro\u00efne et les analg\u00e9siques sur ordonnance), \u00e0 la nicotine et \u00e0 l'alcool.\n\n<br><br>\nIl n'existe pas de m\u00e9dicaments sp\u00e9cifiques approuv\u00e9s pour traiter la d\u00e9pendance aux stimulants (coca\u00efne, m\u00e9thamph\u00e9tamine et cannabis), mais des progr\u00e8s sont en cours dans le d\u00e9veloppement de m\u00e9dicaments \u00e0 cet effet<sup>6<\/sup>.\n\n<br><br>\nSi une personne consomme plus d'une drogue, elle aura besoin d'un traitement pour chaque substance.\n\n<br><br>\nLes m\u00e9dicaments utilis\u00e9s pour traiter les troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances comprennent :\n<br><br>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Opio\u00efdes :<\/strong>  Certains opio\u00efdes sont utilis\u00e9s pour traiter la d\u00e9pendance aux opio\u00efdes en agissant sur les m\u00eames parties du cerveau que l'h\u00e9ro\u00efne et la morphine, ce qui permet de supprimer les sympt\u00f4mes de sevrage et de r\u00e9duire l\u2019\u00e9tat de manque. D'autres peuvent \u00eatre utilis\u00e9s pour bloquer les effets des opio\u00efdes au niveau de leurs r\u00e9cepteurs dans le cerveau, impliqu\u00e9s dans le syst\u00e8me de r\u00e9compense de la consommation de drogue et des envies. Ils peuvent \u00eatre utilis\u00e9s pour les personnes souffrant d'une d\u00e9pendance aux opio\u00efdes ou \u00e0 l'alcool.\n<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Antagonistes de l'alcool :<\/strong> Utilis\u00e9s pour d\u00e9courager la consommation d'alcool, les antagonistes de l'alcool provoquent des effets d\u00e9sagr\u00e9ables chez une personne qui boit, ne serait-ce qu\u2019une petite quantit\u00e9 d'alcool, notamment des maux de t\u00eate, des vomissements, des douleurs thoraciques, une vision floue, des difficult\u00e9s respiratoires et de l'anxi\u00e9t\u00e9.\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Acides sulfoniques :<\/strong> Certains m\u00e9dicaments \u00e0 base d'acide sulfonique sont utilis\u00e9s pour traiter l'alcoolisme chez les personnes ayant arr\u00eat\u00e9 de boire en r\u00e9tablissant l'\u00e9quilibre naturel des substances chimiques dans le cerveau. Cela permet de renforcer la volont\u00e9 de ne pas boire et l'abstinence g\u00e9n\u00e9rale d'alcool.\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Aides au sevrage tabagique : <\/strong> Les m\u00e9dicaments utilis\u00e9s pour le sevrage tabagique agissent en bloquant les effets agr\u00e9ables de la nicotine sur le cerveau, emp\u00eachant les personnes de ressentir du plaisir en fumant.\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7fd6300 elementor-position-left icon_mini_box lista_1 elementor-view-default elementor-mobile-position-top elementor-vertical-align-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"7fd6300\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<span  class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-square\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span  >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTh\u00e9rapie et intervention\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tDe nombreuses th\u00e9rapies comportementales ou par la parole peuvent \u00eatre utilis\u00e9es pour aider les patients souffrant de troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances, combin\u00e9es \u00e0 d'autres interventions. Elles aident les personnes \u00e0 changer leurs attitudes et leurs comportements vis-\u00e0-vis de la consommation de drogues, \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer leurs pr\u00e9dispositions \u00e0 une vie saine et \u00e0 poursuivre d'autres traitements compl\u00e9mentaires. Ces th\u00e9rapies comprennent :\n<br><br>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>La th\u00e9rapie cognitivo-comportementale (TCC) : <\/strong>  La TCC est une th\u00e9rapie par la parole qui aide les gens \u00e0 g\u00e9rer leurs probl\u00e8mes en modifiant leur fa\u00e7on de penser et de se comporter. Elle peut aider les gens \u00e0 reconna\u00eetre, \u00e0 \u00e9viter ou \u00e0 g\u00e9rer des situations o\u00f9 ils pourraient habituellement consommer des drogues.\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Entretiens de motivation et incitations :<\/strong>Lors de ces entretiens, un th\u00e9rapeute utilise le renforcement positif pour encourager le changement de comportement en aidant les personnes \u00e0 prendre conscience de leurs propres aspirations au changement et en les incitant \u00e0 se motiver et \u00e0 prendre leurs propres d\u00e9cisions positives.\n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Psychoth\u00e9rapie :<\/strong> La psychoth\u00e9rapie peut \u00eatre suivie dans un cadre collectif ou individuel. Elle se concentre sur la recherche de nouveaux moyens pour faire face au manque de drogue et sur le traitement de toute cause sous-jacente \u00e0 sa consommation.\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<strong>Th\u00e9rapie familiale multidimensionnelle : <\/strong>Ce type de th\u00e9rapie est destin\u00e9 aux adolescents ayant des probl\u00e8mes de drogue et \u00e0 leur famille. Elle peut examiner les influences sur les habitudes de consommation d'un jeune et contribuer \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer la vie familiale.\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\nUn traitement r\u00e9sidentiel est \u00e9galement disponible pour les personnes souffrant de troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances. Il peut s'agir de s\u00e9jours de courte dur\u00e9e ax\u00e9s sur la d\u00e9sintoxication dans un cadre communautaire, de communaut\u00e9s th\u00e9rapeutiques \u00e0 plus long terme o\u00f9 les personnes travaillent ensemble pour examiner leur conception, attitude et comportement, ou de logements de r\u00e9tablissement pour les aider \u00e0 faire la transition entre un traitement r\u00e9sidentiel et une vie ind\u00e9pendante.<br><br>\nLes consommateurs de substances peuvent \u00e9galement rejoindre des groupes de soutien tels que les Alcooliques anonymes ou Narcotiques anonymes, o\u00f9 des personnes log\u00e9es \u00e0 la m\u00eame enseigne se soutiennent mutuellement dans leur r\u00e9tablissement et leur abstinence continue de drogues ou d'alcool.\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-845006c elementor-position-left icon_mini_box elementor-view-default elementor-mobile-position-top elementor-vertical-align-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"845006c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<span  class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-square\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span  >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tR\u00e9gime alimentaire\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tLes personnes ayant des troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances souffrent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement de carences nutritionnelles<sup>7<\/sup> car elles ont tendance \u00e0 manger moins d'aliments riches en nutriments et leur organisme a une capacit\u00e9 moindre \u00e0 absorber les nutriments en raison des effets des drogues ou de l'alcool<sup>8<\/sup>.<br><br>\nLes personnes d\u00e9pendantes en phase de r\u00e9tablissement doivent augmenter leur consommation de nutriments pour aider leur corps \u00e0 avoir et \u00e0 maintenir des organes sains et \u00e0 combattre les infections. On leur recommande d\u2019avoir des horaires de repas r\u00e9guliers, de consommer des aliments pauvres en graisses et de manger davantage de prot\u00e9ines, de glucides complexes et de fibres, ainsi que de r\u00e9duire leur consommation de caf\u00e9ine et d'arr\u00eater de fumer si possible. Par ailleurs, la d\u00e9shydratation est fr\u00e9quente pendant la p\u00e9riode de r\u00e9tablissement. Il est donc important de boire beaucoup de liquide pendant et entre les repas.<br><br>\nIl est \u00e9galement important d'am\u00e9liorer et de garder de bonnes habitudes alimentaires, car les personnes en voie de r\u00e9tablissement peuvent ne pas faire la diff\u00e9rence entre la faim et le manque de substance, ce qui peut entra\u00eener un risque \u00e9lev\u00e9 de rechute.\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75f3403 elementor-position-left icon_mini_box elementor-view-default elementor-mobile-position-top elementor-vertical-align-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"75f3403\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<span  class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-square\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span  >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tFaire du sport\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tLe sport peut \u00eatre b\u00e9n\u00e9fique pour les personnes souffrant de troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances afin de d\u00e9tourner leur attention des envies. L\u2019exercice physique peut \u00e9galement les aider \u00e0 adopter un mode de vie plus sain, ce qui permet d\u2019am\u00e9liorer leur sant\u00e9 mentale et physique<sup>9<\/sup><br><br>\nLes activit\u00e9s a\u00e9robies d'intensit\u00e9 mod\u00e9r\u00e9e ou \u00e9lev\u00e9e, notamment la marche rapide, le tennis, la course \u00e0 pied ou le saut \u00e0 la corde, et les exercices psycho-corporels, comme le yoga, peuvent constituer un \u00e9l\u00e9ment efficace d'un programme de traitement combin\u00e9 pour les personnes souffrant de troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances<sup>10<\/sup>.<br><br>\nEn outre, les programmes de sport peuvent contribuer \u00e0 structurer une journ\u00e9e et aider les personnes \u00e0 tisser des liens sociaux positifs pouvant favoriser leur r\u00e9tablissement et leur bien-\u00eatre g\u00e9n\u00e9ral.\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6024c5c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6024c5c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pr\u00e9vention<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1df0269 lista_1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1df0269\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tConcernant les troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances, l\u2019objectif principal de la pr\u00e9vention consiste \u00e0 retarder la premi\u00e8re consommation de drogues ou d&rsquo;alcool pendant l&rsquo;adolescence.\n\nIl est important de s&rsquo;attaquer aux facteurs de risque multiples pouvant \u00eatre communs \u00e0 de nombreux domaines de la vie des adolescents, notamment la pression des copains, et de se concentrer sur le renforcement des facteurs de protection, notamment le soutien scolaire, pour aider les jeunes \u00e0 r\u00e9sister \u00e0 la tentation de go\u00fbter aux drogues ou \u00e0 l&rsquo;alcool.\n\nLes interventions de pr\u00e9vention sont \u00e9galement n\u00e9cessaires pour emp\u00eacher les personnes qui consomment d\u00e9j\u00e0 certaines drogues de passer \u00e0 d&rsquo;autres, et pour emp\u00eacher celles qui en consomment de mani\u00e8re occasionnelle de passer \u00e0 une consommation excessive.\n\nLa classification internationale des interventions de pr\u00e9vention utilis\u00e9e dans les normes de l&rsquo;Office des Nations unies contre les drogues et le crime comprend les strat\u00e9gies de pr\u00e9vention suivantes :\n<br>\n<ul>\n \t<li><b>Universelle :<\/b> Les strat\u00e9gies de pr\u00e9vention universelles s&rsquo;adressent \u00e0 de grands groupes ou \u00e0 toute une population (par exemple, via des publicit\u00e9s t\u00e9l\u00e9vis\u00e9es ou \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9cole) pour pr\u00e9venir ou retarder le d\u00e9but de la consommation de substances.<\/li>\n \t<li><b>S\u00e9lective :<\/b> La pr\u00e9vention s\u00e9lective s&rsquo;adresse \u00e0 des sous-populations sp\u00e9cifiques dont on sait que le risque d\u2019abus de substances est plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 que la moyenne, notamment chez les jeunes.<\/li>\n \t<li><b>Cibl\u00e9e :<\/b> La pr\u00e9vention cibl\u00e9e vise les personnes qui consomment d\u00e9j\u00e0 des substances et qui peuvent montrer des signes de consommation future probl\u00e9matique.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nCibler chaque groupe de population avec des ressources et des messages pertinents peut aider \u00e0 pr\u00e9venir l&rsquo;apparition ou l&rsquo;aggravation de la consommation de substances et des probl\u00e8mes qui y sont associ\u00e9s.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe8b5d9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fe8b5d9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"> \u00c9tudes scientifiques<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c864e64 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c864e64\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLa recherche sur la consommation de substances continue de progresser dans un certain nombre de domaines cl\u00e9s, notamment les pratiques de traitements fond\u00e9es sur des donn\u00e9es probantes, les r\u00e9sultats des traitements des addictions, la d\u00e9pendance, la psychiatrie et le cerveau, les substances cr\u00e9ant une addiction telles que les opio\u00efdes sur ordonnance et l&rsquo;h\u00e9ro\u00efne, et la consommation de substances chez les adolescents et d&rsquo;autres groupes<sup><a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote1sym\" name=\"sdfootnote1anc\">11<\/a><\/sup>, ainsi que la gestion de la gu\u00e9rison, qui \u00e9tudie comment la d\u00e9tection pr\u00e9coce et la r\u00e9intervention peuvent optimiser les r\u00e9sultats \u00e0 long terme.<sup><a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote2sym\" name=\"sdfootnote2anc\">12<\/a><\/sup>.\n\nLes chercheurs s&rsquo;int\u00e9ressent \u00e9galement \u00e0 la personnalisation du traitement des troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances, tout en soulignant que pour se r\u00e9tablir vraiment, la personne doit \u00eatre int\u00e9gr\u00e9e dans un environnement socialement significatif. Sachant que la d\u00e9pendance est influenc\u00e9e par les g\u00e8nes, le d\u00e9veloppement et les facteurs sociaux, le traitement pourrait \u00e0 l&rsquo;avenir \u00eatre personnalis\u00e9 pour s&rsquo;adapter \u00e0 la situation de chaque individu.<sup><a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote3sym\" name=\"sdfootnote3anc\">13<\/a><\/sup>.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e67e3fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e67e3fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sources\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b8ebe8 lista elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6b8ebe8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol><li>\u00a0World Health Organization. Alcohol fact sheet. Accessed March 2021. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/en\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/alcohol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.who.int\/en\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/alcohol<\/a><\/li><li>\u00a0Bevilacqua L, Goldman D. Genes and addictions. <i>Clin Pharmacol Ther<\/i>. 2009;85(4):359-361. doi:10.1038\/clpt.2009.6<\/li><li>\u00a0Ritchie H, Roser M. Opioids, cocaine, cannabis and illicit drugs. Our World in Data. Published April 2018. Accessed March 2021. <a href=\"https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/illicit-drug-use\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/illicit-drug-use<\/a><\/li><li>Ritchie H, Roser M. Alcohol Consumption. Our World in Data. Published April 2018. Accessed March 2021. <a href=\"https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/alcohol-consumption\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/alcohol-consumption<\/a><\/li><li>\u00a0Metz VE, Brandt L, Unger A, Fischer G. Substance abuse\/dependence treatment: a European perspective. <i>Subst Abus.<\/i> 2014;35(3):309-320. doi:10.1080\/08897077.2014.909377<\/li><li>\u00a0Douaihy AB, Kelly TM, Sullivan C. Medications for substance use disorders. <i>Soc Work Public Health<\/i>. 2013;28(3-4):264-278. doi:10.1080\/19371918.2013.759031<\/li><li>Jeynes KD, Gibson EL. The importance of nutrition in aiding recovery from substance use disorders: A review. <i>Drug Alcohol Depend<\/i>. 2017;179:229-239. doi:10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.07.00<\/li><li>Mahboub N, Rizk R, Karavetian M, de Vries N. Nutritional status and eating habits of people who use drugs and\/or are undergoing treatment for recovery: a narrative review. <i>Nutrition Reviews.<\/i> 2020;nuaa095. doi:10.1093\/nutrit\/nuaa095<\/li><li>\u00a0Cabrera I. Role of exercise in managing substance use disorders. <i>Prescriber.<\/i> 2020;31:15-19. doi:10.1002\/psb.1841<\/li><li>Wang D, Wang Y, Wang Y, Li R, Zhou C. Impact of physical exercise on substance use disorders: a meta-analysis. <i>PLoS One<\/i>. 2014;9(10):e110728. doi:10.1371\/journal.pone.0110728<\/li><li>Hazelden Betty Ford Foundation. Addiction Research. Accessed March 2021. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hazeldenbettyford.org\/education\/bcr\/addiction-research\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.hazeldenbettyford.org\/education\/bcr\/addiction-research<\/a><\/li><li>\u00a0Dennis ML, Scott CK, Laudet A. Beyond bricks and mortar: recent research on substance use disorder recovery management. <i>Curr Psychiatry Rep<\/i>. 2014;16(4):442. doi:10.1007\/s11920-014-0442-3<\/li><li>\u00a0Nora D, Volkow MD. Personalizing the treatment of substance use disorders. <i>American Journal of Psychiatry<\/i>. 2020;177(2):113-116. doi:10.1176\/appi.ajp.2019.19121284<\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c55bb2f elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"c55bb2f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6166b89 stop-sticky elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6166b89\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;efcf18a&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-29241b4\" data-id=\"29241b4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7098f8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e7098f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vous pourriez \u00eatre int\u00e9ress\u00e9 par...<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0cc8899\" data-id=\"0cc8899\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6422fa5 elementor-icon-list--layout-inline elementor-align-right read_more_reverse elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"6422fa5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items elementor-inline-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-inline-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.neuraxpharm.com\/ch-fr\/blog\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Aller sur au blog Neuraxpharm<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6fe4344 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6fe4344\" data-element_type=\"section\" id=\"list blog\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;426e004&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cf0f07c\" data-id=\"cf0f07c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75135bf blog-category elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-listing-grid\" data-id=\"75135bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;columns&quot;:3,&quot;columns_tablet&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;columns_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"jet-listing-grid.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"jet-listing-grid jet-listing\"><div class=\"jet-listing-not-found jet-listing-grid__items\" data-nav=\"{&quot;enabled&quot;:false,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;more_el&quot;:null,&quot;query&quot;:[],&quot;widget_settings&quot;:{&quot;lisitng_id&quot;:3578,&quot;posts_num&quot;:3,&quot;columns&quot;:3,&quot;columns_tablet&quot;:2,&quot;columns_mobile&quot;:1,&quot;column_min_width&quot;:240,&quot;column_min_width_tablet&quot;:240,&quot;column_min_width_mobile&quot;:240,&quot;inline_columns_css&quot;:false,&quot;is_archive_template&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;post_status&quot;:[&quot;publish&quot;],&quot;use_random_posts_num&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;max_posts_num&quot;:9,&quot;not_found_message&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;is_masonry&quot;:false,&quot;equal_columns_height&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;use_load_more&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;load_more_id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;load_more_type&quot;:&quot;click&quot;,&quot;load_more_offset&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:0,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;use_custom_post_types&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;custom_post_types&quot;:[],&quot;hide_widget_if&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;carousel_enabled&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;slides_to_scroll&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;arrows&quot;:&quot;true&quot;,&quot;arrow_icon&quot;:&quot;fa fa-angle-left&quot;,&quot;dots&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;true&quot;,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;true&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:5000,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;true&quot;,&quot;center_mode&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;effect&quot;:&quot;slide&quot;,&quot;speed&quot;:500,&quot;inject_alternative_items&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;injection_items&quot;:[],&quot;scroll_slider_enabled&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;scroll_slider_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;mobile&quot;],&quot;custom_query&quot;:false,&quot;custom_query_id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;_element_id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;collapse_first_last_gap&quot;:false,&quot;list_tag_selection&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;list_items_wrapper_tag&quot;:&quot;div&quot;,&quot;list_item_tag&quot;:&quot;div&quot;,&quot;empty_items_wrapper_tag&quot;:&quot;div&quot;}}\" data-listing-source=\"posts\" data-listing-id=\"3578\" data-query-id=\"\" data-queried-id=\"3623|WP_Post\">\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"page\" data-elementor-id=\"22519\" class=\"elementor elementor-22519\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-dd8561e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"dd8561e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;7a0f9f5&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0d93a1f\" data-id=\"0d93a1f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-037f64f blog-category elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-listing-grid\" data-id=\"037f64f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;columns&quot;:3,&quot;columns_tablet&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;columns_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"jet-listing-grid.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"jet-listing-notice\">Please select another listing to show to avoid recursion.<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><style>.elementor-22519 .elementor-element.elementor-element-dd8561e .elementor-repeater-item-7a0f9f5.jet-parallax-section__layout .jet-parallax-section__image{background-size:auto;}.elementor-22519 .elementor-element.elementor-element-0d93a1f > .elementor-element-populated{text-align:left;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-22519 .elementor-element.elementor-element-037f64f > .elementor-widget-container > .jet-listing-grid > .jet-listing-grid__items, .elementor-22519 .elementor-element.elementor-element-037f64f > .jet-listing-grid > .jet-listing-grid__items{--columns:3;}:root{--page-title-display:none;}@media(max-width:1024px){.elementor-22519 .elementor-element.elementor-element-037f64f > .elementor-widget-container > .jet-listing-grid > .jet-listing-grid__items, .elementor-22519 .elementor-element.elementor-element-037f64f > .jet-listing-grid > .jet-listing-grid__items{--columns:2;}}@media(max-width:767px){.elementor-22519 .elementor-element.elementor-element-037f64f > .elementor-widget-container > .jet-listing-grid > .jet-listing-grid__items, .elementor-22519 .elementor-element.elementor-element-037f64f > .jet-listing-grid > .jet-listing-grid__items{--columns:1;}}<\/style><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-196ac74 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"196ac74\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>DANS CETTE SECTION Articles connexes DANS CETTE SECTION Neuraxpharm Le trouble li\u00e9 \u00e0 la consommation de substances est une affection complexe impliquant la consommation incontr\u00f4l\u00e9e d&rsquo;une substance, malgr\u00e9 ses cons\u00e9quences n\u00e9fastes. D\u00e9couvrez les troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances, notamment leurs sympt\u00f4mes, et la fa\u00e7on dont ils peuvent \u00eatre g\u00e9r\u00e9s et trait\u00e9s. Qu&rsquo;est-ce que [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":573,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3623","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.3 (Yoast SEO v25.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 l&#039;usage de substances - Neuraxpharm Switzerland<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.neuraxpharm.com\/fr\/troubles\/usage-substances\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 l&#039;usage de substances\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"DANS CETTE SECTION Articles connexes DANS CETTE SECTION Neuraxpharm Le trouble li\u00e9 \u00e0 la consommation de substances est une affection complexe impliquant la consommation incontr\u00f4l\u00e9e d&rsquo;une substance, malgr\u00e9 ses cons\u00e9quences n\u00e9fastes. D\u00e9couvrez les troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation de substances, notamment leurs sympt\u00f4mes, et la fa\u00e7on dont ils peuvent \u00eatre g\u00e9r\u00e9s et trait\u00e9s. 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